【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★persistent adj 坚持的, 固执的

you are stubborn你这个死脑筋

stubborn [5stQbEn] adj.顽固的, 固执的, 坚定的, 坚决的, 难应付的, 难处理的

persist坚持(不顾阻拦一味的坚持): persist in doing sth

★avoid v 避开

avoid doing sth : 只能加doing

★insist v 坚持做

insist坚持(认为, 说, 是人的一种态度)insist on doing sth

persevere [7pE:si5viE] v.坚持

persevere坚持不懈(褒义词) : persevere in

persevere [7pE:si5viE] v.坚持

【课文讲解】

cross : (v)穿过 / across(adv/prep)穿过 区别如pass / past , 为词性上的区别

came running向...跑过来

go shopping, go swimming, go skating(去溜冰) / coming shopping 来购物 / coming swimming

it is no use doing...做某件事情是没有用处的

it is no use crying over the spilled milk 覆水难收 (over: 关于)

enjoy doing / appreciate sth/doing(只能加doing)

like, love, enjoy, appreciate

用不定式做定语, 修饰anything,  anything to do: 任何要做的事

anything to eat 可以吃的东西 / anything to drink 可以喝的东西

no matter : 无论+从句(要以特殊疑问词引导)

no matter how busy you are. / no matter how deep the hole is. / no matter how well you slept.

No matter how  old you are. / no matter where you are. / no matter who you are.

No matter how tired you are, your children insisted on listening to stories.

think of a way of doing : 想一个做某事的方法 / think of a way of solving

prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事, 让某人不做某事

stop sb from doing sth让某人不做某事

keep sb from doing sth让某人不做某事(保持不做某事)

forbid sb to do sth禁止某人做某事

fancy meeting you here!真想不到会在这见到你!

fancy＝imagine

escape doing, risk doing,  allow doing

fance+名词－表示惊讶

不定式的复合结构, 做宾语从句

be busy doing : 忙着做某事

finish doing / complete doing

would you mind my coming with you?

Mind+v.-ing

for sb--逻辑主语

-ing的逻辑主语, 有四种形式, 分两大类

1、作为代词, 可以用人称代词的宾格, 又可以用形容词性物主代词

2、作为名词, 可以保持本身不变, 也可以变成名词所有格

my--me可以互换

would you mind my/me smoking?

would you mind me making myself at home? 你介意我把这儿当成家吗?

4、动名词复合结构 : 由名词所有格或物主代词与动名词构成

His leaving is a great loss. 他的离去是一个很大的损失

Mother dislikes my(me) working late. 妈妈不喜欢我工作很迟

Mother dislikes my sleeping late.

John's having seen her did not make her worried. 约翰已经见到她的事实, 没有让她感到担心

注 : 动名词复合结构多作主语或宾语, 作主语时必须是所有格(名词所有格, 形容词性物主代词), 但作宾语时可以用所有格, 也可用普通格(人称代词宾格)

哪些词后面可以接动词-ing: 介词,某些动词—avoid, enjoy, finish, It is no use, preveent sb from, fancy, imagine, escape, risk, allow等

3、宾语 : 下列动词须跟动名词作宾语

admit, deny, appreciate, enjoy, avoid, complete, delay, fancy, finish, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, allow, permit...

insist on doing, persist in doing, persevere in doing, give up doing

特注 :

以allow为例 : allow+doing sth(动名词作宾语), 但可以, allow sb to do sth

(不定式作宾语)

这类动词常见如 : advise, allow, permit, recommend, etc.

practice n—practise v / advice n –- advise v 用法一样: advise sb to do / advise doing

insist +从句(should +原形), 虚拟语气

salute问候(军人向长官的)行军礼&, lt;, /FONT>, 敬礼