【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★unload v. 卸（货）
load v 装货

★wooden adj. 木制的

★extremely [iks5tri:mli] adv. 非常, 极其

extremely 把一个形容词或副词推到了极限,达到了无以复加的程度

extremely beautiful
I am tired. 我累了
I am extremely tired. 我累极了

★occur vi. 发生 (不及物)

happen vi. 发生 (不及物)
What happened/occured ?
It happened to me... 这件事发生在我身上

What happened to the clavichord?
What's wrong with you? (以前我们会这么问)
What happened to you? 什么事发生在你身上?
It occured to me.... 我想起了一件事
It occured to sb that....
It occured to me that I didn't finish my homework. 我想起我还没完成作业
I have a good idea.
A good idea occured to me.
sth occur to sb
It occurs to sb to do sth / It occurs to sb that...
It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. 突然一个工人想到打开箱子看看
sth occur to sb 某人突然想起某件事 (从后面往前面翻)

★astonish [Es5tCniF] vt.使惊讶

如果一个动词跟人的情绪有关,则它的宾语是人, 其形容词有两个: 令人 -ing ; 感到 -ed
astonishing/astonished
surprise/shock/astonish/astound
surprise 最常用,但意思肤浅
shock 不快的事情
astonish 难以置信的事
I am surprised.
I am astonished.
astound [Es5taund] vt.使惊骇, 使大吃一惊 (非常吃惊, 目瞪口呆)
I am surprised.-->astonished-->astounded-->shocked 惊讶程度递增

★pile n. 堆

★woollen n. 羊毛的

★goods n. （常用复数）货物, 商品

★discover v. 发现 (属于那种以前你不知道的事现在知道了)
discovery n探索

discovery [dis5kQvEri] n.发现, 发明的东西

★admit v. 承认
deny sth/deny doing
admit sth/ admit doing sth
I admit having lunch.

★confine v. 关在或局限在某个地方(一个狭小的空间里)
sb was confined to (一定会加 “to” )

sb was confined to the room.

★normal adj. 正常的, 通常的

【课文讲解】

同位语从句
重点:
It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box.

Text
occur to sb
it occur to sb to do sth/that...
clothing/clothes
clothing 在分类时强调衣服这一种类
clothes 表示"衣服"的单数名词的复数形式, 表示许多衣服
No one could...
No one knows... 没有人知道
account for = explain, 但也有区别, account 的解释必须是令人满意的, 而explain 却只要是一个解释就行
account [E5kaunt] n.计算, 帐目, 说明, 估计, 理由 vi.说明, 总计有, 认为, 得分 vt.认为

give the explanation
一个句子跟在一个名词后,可以是: 1.定语从句; 2.同位语从句
My friend Lucy: 同位语
I know the fact that he doesn't know.
I do know the fact that he doesn't know.
区别:
1.同位语从句后的that是起解释说明的作用, 而定语从句是起修饰作用
2.that在从句中做主语或宾语成分,则是定语从句; that在从句中不能做主语或宾语成分,则是同位语从句

be astonished at : 对什么感到吃惊用介词 “at”
be surprised at
what = the thing that...
on top of
a pile of
piles of snow : 一堆堆
at the top of/on top of : 在...之上
on top of 与顶端有接触面
at the top of 在...上方(at the top of之前的词属于其之后的词的范围之内)
so...that... 如此...以致于
admit doing sth
have a trip
for:because: 文中这里强调事实, 而非原因
be confined to
over:more than
pay...for... 为...付钱
pay 付钱
cost of ...的花费, 费用
the cost of government : 政府开支
It is too expensive! (expensive 意为贵得令人不能接受)
dear : The book is dear 这本书有点贵

dear [diE] adj.昂贵的, 亲爱的 int.[表示惊讶, 怜悯等], Oh, ～!
have a trip
go on a trip

总结:
It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box
同位语从句
be surprised at
be astonished at
admit doing
be confined to

【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题

2  The man had hidden in the box ______.

a. to get to Sydney                                b. because it contained woollen goods

c. to avoid paying the fare from London to Sydney d. because no one would find him

because后面加原因
to后面加目的
avoid后面一定要加doing表示避免做某事: avoid doing
fare车费,乘坐的交通工具的费用
C.

4  Which boxes contained clothing? ______.

a.The wooden  b. The wood  c. The woody ones  d. The wooden ones

A.The wooden adj. 木头的
B.The wood 木头
表示木头制的东西用wooden
C. woody [5wudi] adj.多树木的, 木本的, 木头般的, 木制的

D.The wooden ones √
ones 是代词

8  The boxes contained clothing. They contained ______.

a. cloths  b. cloth  c. clothes  d. dresses

answer : C

【Key structures】　关键句型

Verbs followed by to, at, for and with (Compare KS22)与 to, at, for和 with连用的动词(对比第22课关键句型)

We can put to, at, for and with after certain verbs.

在一部分动词的后面可加上to, at, for和with.

对比 : Compare :

I saw Tom yesterday. 昨天我见到了汤姆.

I shall see to the dinner tonight. (I shall prepare it.)今晚我做晚饭.

Use this list for reference : 请参考下表 :

a  To: accustom(ed), amount, appeal, apply(or for), attach(ed), attend, belong, challenge, compare (or with), condemn(ed),confess, confine, consent, convert, entitle(d), listen mention, object, occur, prefer, react(or against), reply, respond,see, submit, surrender, turn, yield.

与to连用的动词 : 习惯于; 达到; 呼吁; 适用于; 附属于; 参加; 属于; 向……提出挑战; 比较; 判刑; 承认; 限制; 同意; 改信(某宗教); 享有权利; 听; 提到; 反对; 想到; 更喜欢; 对……反应; 回答; 响应; 注意; 服从于; 向……投降; 转向; 屈服.

b  AT: amused. (or by), arrive (or in), astonish (ed)(or by), exclaim, glance, guess, knock(SD 6), look (SD 37b), point (or to), shock(ed)(or by), stare, surprise(d) (or by), wonder (or about), work (or on).

与at连用的动词 : 对……感到有趣; 到达; 感到惊愕; 惊叫; 对……看一眼; 猜测; 敲(第 6课难点); 看(第37课难点b); 指向; 感到震惊; 盯着……看; 感到惊讶; 感到惊异; 钻研.

c  FOR: account, ask (or of), act(or on), apologize, blame, beg, call (SD 34), charge, exchange, hope, look, mistake, mourn, pay (SD 45b), prepare, provide, search, thank, vote (or on)(KS 22d), wait (or on).

与 for连用的动词 : 说明(原因); 请求; 代表; 因……而道歉; 责备; 乞求; 需要(第 34课难点); 收费; 交换; 希望; 寻找; 误认为; 哀悼; 为……付款(第 45课难点 b); 准备; 提供; 寻求; 感谢; 投票支持(第 22课关键句型); 等候.

d  WITH: agree, begin, communicate, compare (or to), compete (or against), comply, confuse, contrast(or to), cope,correspond, disgust(ed), finish, help(or in), interfere (or in), mix, occupy(ied), part, please(d), quarrel (or about),reason, satisfy (fied) (or by), threaten (ed).

与with连用的动词 : 同意; 以……开始; 与……联络; 与……比较; 同……竞争; 同意; 误作; 形成对照; 对付; 与……一致; 使……讨厌; 完成; 帮助; 干扰; 混合; 从事于; 放弃; 对……满意; 争论; 规劝; 感到满足; 威胁.

Exercises 练习

A  Point out verbs in the passage which are followed by to, at, or for.

找出课文中与 to, at, for连用的动词.

B  Supply the missing words (to, at, for and with) without referring to the above lists as far as possible:

用 to, at, for或 with填空, 尽可能不查以上动词表 :

1  I don't agree ______ you.

2  She preferred ______ wait ______him.

3  We have been corresponding ______ each other for years.

4  How do you account ______ this?

5  Do you object ______ my smoking?

6  I'm surprised ______ you!  present.

7  You must reply ______ his letter.

8  He has some important business to attend ________.

9  Do you mean to say you exchanged that lovely car  water.

10  Has it occurred ______ you that she must have arrived ______ London Airport by now?

11  I was shocked ______ his indifference!

12  You must comply ______ the rules of the game.

13  Poor Mary! She has so much to cope ______!

14  Please don't mention it ______ my husband, but I paid ￡50  ______ this hat.

15  She was quite unprepared ______the news.

16  Don't blame me ______ the accident!

17  I'm disgusted ______ your behaviour!

18  You forgot to thank Aunt Jane ______ her

19  It is rude to stare ______ people.

20  I'm not satisfied ______ your work.

21  His debt now amounts ______ ￡100.

22  Mix the contents of this packet ______ a little ________ this?

23  I knocked ______ the door.

24  Whom does this book belong ______?

25  I reasoned ______ him, but he would not listen ______me.

26  She's accustomed ______ living in comfort. She'll never part ______ her precious possessions.

27  At what time will you call ______me? better.

28  The spy surrendered himself ______ the enemy and was condemned______ death.

29  I've looked ______ it everywhere, but I can't find it.

30  I'll see ______ the cooking tonight.

31  I must apologize ______ keeping you waiting. exercise?

32  The class failed to respond ______ the teacher's new methods.

33  He turned ______ me for help, even after  I had quarrelled ______ him.

34  Like Micawber, I hope ______something

35  Please apply ______ the secretary for information.

36  There was a note attached ______ the parcel.

37  Just guess ______the price of this carpet.

38  How long have you been working ______this

39  The concert began ______ a piece by an unknown composer.

40  How much did they charge you ______ that?

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